Which theory focuses on the social influences of health behavior?

The Social Cognitive Theory is centered on the concept that individual behavior is influenced by the interaction between personal factors, environmental influences, and behavior itself. It emphasizes the importance of observational learning, imitation, and modeling, suggesting that individuals can learn health behaviors by watching others and that social contexts play a crucial role in shaping these behaviors. This theory integrates the idea that external social influences, such as peer pressure, family, and community, significantly impact an individual's health behaviors and choices.

In this framework, self-efficacy is also a key component, as it reflects an individual's belief in their ability to execute behaviors necessary to produce specific performance attainments. This belief can be cultivated through social modeling and reinforcement from the surrounding environment, highlighting the theory's focus on social influences.

On the other hand, the Health Belief Model primarily deals with individual perceptions of health risks and benefits rather than social influences. The Theory of Planned Behavior includes social influences but places greater emphasis on individual attitudes and intentions. The Transtheoretical Model focuses on the stages of change an individual goes through in modifying behavior, which is less about social context and more about individual readiness to change. Therefore, Social Cognitive Theory is the one that distinctly emphasizes the social influences on health behavior.