Which factor least relates to the Theory of Planned Behavior?

The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) outlines key factors that influence an individual's decision-making process regarding a particular behavior. The core components of this theory include attitude toward the behavior, subjective norms (which relate to the influence of social norms), and perceived behavioral control. Each of these components plays a integral role in predicting whether an individual will engage in a specific behavior.

Emotional states, while they can influence behavior in various contexts, are not a foundational element of TPB. This theory primarily focuses on cognitive evaluations—how individuals perceive their attitudes, the influence of their social environment, and their perceived ability to perform the behavior in question. Therefore, emotional states are considered peripheral and do not fit within the framework of the Theory of Planned Behavior in the way that social norms, attitudes toward the behavior, and perceived control do.

In summary, the correct answer is identified as the factor that is least relevant to the framework of the Theory of Planned Behavior, which centers around cognitive processes rather than emotional responses.